What was the first collegiate fraternal organization and when was it founded?

The correct answer is indeed Phi Beta Kappa, founded in 1776. It holds the distinction of being the first collegiate fraternal organization in the United States, originating at the College of William and Mary in Virginia. Phi Beta Kappa was established as a secret society aiming to promote academic excellence and fellowship among students, focusing primarily on the liberal arts.

This historical significance makes it the pioneer of all fraternal organizations, which later influenced the creation of numerous other fraternities and sororities across the U.S. The establishment of Phi Beta Kappa set a precedent for organizations that promote scholarly achievement, social networks, and leadership within colleges and universities, including groups like Sigma Gamma Rho, which was founded much later in 1922.